ABSTRACT
Introduction: Adolescence is defined as the period of a gradual transition between childhood and adulthood, with conceptually distinct physical changes marking puberty and maturation. Sleep is a critical aspect for overall well-being and healthy development across physical, behavioral, cognitive, academic, and psychosocial domains. This can pave the way to a new frontier for adolescent research, in which the dynamic interplay between sleep and multiple psychosocial aspects of adolescents’ life can explain long-term developmental outcomes. Thus, systematizing and assessing longitudinal research on this topic is required to understand both changes of sleep during adolescence and its complex over time relationship with psychosocial development. Material and methods: The first aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to identify all studies that evaluated longitudinally sleep quality, with standardized objective and/or subjective measures, in adolescence. The second aim is to evaluate the longitudinal interplay between sleep quality and psychosocial development in adolescents (particularly considering the domains of social experiences in multiple ecological contexts;identity processes and well-being outcomes). This work could lead to a better understanding of both changes in sleep quality during adolescence and its bidirectional link to psychosocial development. Pubmed;Psychinfo, PsycArticles, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus;ProQuest Dissertations and Theses;ERIC;GreyNet databases were systematically searched without publication period restriction until 23th of September 2021. Eligible studies had to: include adolescents from the general population aged between 10/11 to 18/19 years old;use a longitudinal design;report sleep quality-related outcomes as measured by objective and/or subjective standardized measures for at least two time-points. The corresponding author worked in pairs with another team member and independently screened at first the titles and s and then the full text against the eligibility criteria. Results: A total of 362 full-texts were screened and a final number of 250 studies were included. The inter-rater agreement between the first and other authors of the team that worked in pairs for the selection process was substantial. Of these studies, 163 evaluated the longitudinally sleep quality of adolescents over time and its connection to physical health;psychological and social wellbeing. 81 studies evaluated longitudinally the interplay between sleep quality and different ecological contexts and identity development of adolescents. Finally, 6 studies evaluated the change over time of sleep quality outcomes and its relationship with wellbeing, context and identity in adolescents before and after the pandemic due to the Covid-19 outbreak. Conclusion: Because of the broad scope of this project, the data can be used to examine a large variety of research questions. From this large selection of literature, different systematic reviews on different specific topics will be obtained. Particularly, our work will focus at first on systematically assessing the development and change over time of the sleep quality during the adolescence period. Furthermore, different works on the longitudinal interplay between sleep quality and physical health, different contexts and identity development will be systematically evaluated and presented. Acknowledgements: This work was conducted within the ERC-Consolidator project IDENTITIES (Grant Agreement n. 101002163).
ABSTRACT
Self-concept clarity reflects how confidently and clearly an individual defines the self-belief, and it is theorized to help individuals to be more resilient in the face of stressors. The present study aimed at investigating how self-concept clarity may be implicated in the stress process related to the COVID-19 outbreak, by examining its association with daily negative affect, as a short-term adaptational outcome. The impact of the total number of positive cases, as an objective index of COVID-19 spreading, on negative affect was also tested. Participants were 287 young Italian adults (52% female;M-age = 22.68 years, SDage = 2.62), who completed twelve daily diaries (of which five after the lockdown measure was introduced). Results from multilevel growth modeling showed that individuals low in self-concept clarity reported the highest levels of negative affect across the study period, compared to individuals high in self-concept clarity. Moreover, after the issuing of the lockdown measure, individuals high in self-concept clarity showed a steeper increase in their daily level of negative affect, compared to individuals low in self-concept clarity, indicating their responsiveness to the new situation. The total number of new cases was not related to daily negative affect. These findings attest the protective role of self-concept clarity and its impact on emotional responding to the lockdown measure in Italy.